Which ethical issue is commonly related to genetic testing?

The correct choice highlights significant ethical issues tied to genetic testing, particularly concerning privacy, discrimination, and informed consent.

Privacy is a major concern because genetic information is highly personal and sensitive. Individuals may worry about who has access to their genetic data and how it might be used or shared. There is potential for misuse by employers or insurers who might discriminate against individuals based on genetic predispositions to certain health conditions. Therefore, maintaining the confidentiality of genetic information is critical to protect individuals' rights and autonomy.

Informed consent is also crucial in the context of genetic testing. Patients must fully understand what the testing entails, including the risks and benefits, and what the implications of the results might be. This ensures that decisions are made based on comprehensive information, reflecting the patient's values and preferences.

The other options address important aspects of genetic testing, but they do not encapsulate the ethical dimensions as profoundly. For instance, cost can affect access to testing but does not inherently raise ethical concerns related to the nature of the information itself. The availability of technologies and accuracy of test results, while vital issues in the practical application of genetic testing, do not directly encompass the main ethical dilemmas that arise with handling, sharing, and making decisions based on genetic information.