What ethical issues are associated with genetic testing?

Genetic testing raises several important ethical issues that extend beyond the technical aspects of testing itself. The potential for discrimination is a significant concern; individuals might face bias in employment or insurance based on genetic information, leading to stigmatization and exclusion. Privacy is another critical issue, as the handling of genetic data requires stringent safeguards to prevent unauthorized access or use of such sensitive information. Furthermore, implications of informed consent are paramount; patients must fully understand what the testing entails, the possible outcomes, and how their genetic information may be used before they can provide informed consent.

The accuracy of testing results, while vital, mainly pertains to the reliability of the tests themselves rather than ethical considerations. Access to testing facilities and the cost of genetic tests are practical concerns contributing to health equity but do not encompass the broader implications of how genetic information might affect an individual's rights and privacy, which are central to the ethical discourse surrounding genetic testing. Thus, the option highlighting the implications of discrimination, privacy, and informed consent aligns directly with the core ethical issues presented in the context of genetic testing.